Hello,
Will the cache credentials also get updated if a user changes the domain password via going to the web interface of adaxes self service while user is logged in to the laptop using a web browser?
If the computer is not connected to Active Directory, the credentials cache will not be updated.
Will cached credentials will only get updated when a user initiates password reset/change password from the lock screen ?
Yes, that is correct for cases when the computer is not connected to Active Directory.